Study: Use of antidepressant not direct link to birth defect

A new study has found no direct link between antidepressant use during pregnancy and one type of birth defect.

The research, published in today's issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, comes nine years after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration warned that exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors — the most commonly prescribed antidepressants — might increase the risk of heart malformations in the developing fetus.

"There have been multiple studies looking at this, but it remained unclear whether the associations were chance findings," said Krista F. Huybrechts, the study's lead author and a researcher at Brigham and Women's Hospital. "Our study should provide some reassurance that if pregnant women need SSRIs, we did not find a substantially increased risk of having a child with cardiac malformations."

Huybrechts and her colleagues analyzed data from 949,504 pregnant women from three months before conception through one month post-delivery and their infants, and found that 72.3 per 10,000 infants not exposed to antidepressants were born with a cardiac defect, compared with 90.1 per 10,000 infants who were exposed. After controlling for depression severity and other potential risk factors, there was no association between use of SSRIs such as Paxil, Prozac and Zoloft and heart malformations in the infants.

But senior author Sonia Hernandez-Diaz of the Harvard School of Public Health called the findings "only one piece of the complex puzzle" about the overall safety of antidepressants during pregnancy, and said more research needs to be done to evaluate the risks and benefits.

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